Basic Guide (maybe more to come):

The deck is easily broken down into three packages. Understanding these packages should help you understand the deck and this version's inception.

Rush package: This is an almost necessity of modern day midrange Warrior decks, as it's among the most effective ways to simultaneously build board presence and board dominance. Removing threats opens the door to developing the board, and by removing threats while developing the board, you're making a better use of your mana and developing tempo. The Rush package includes:

Town Crier
Militia Commander
Zilliax
Inner Rage
Cruel Taskmaster
Dyn-o-matic
Dr. Boom, Mad Genius
Grommash Hellscream

Mech package: Usually mech packages just happen in decks because of the quality of a couple of specific mechs. Eternium Rover, SN1P-SN4P, and Zilliax are just independently fantastic cards for this strategy, and are improved greatly when running Dr. Boom, Mad Genius. The wild card addition to this package is Piloted Sky Golem--originally, this was a Piloted Shredder, but it became clear pretty quickly that the deck's turn 6 can often be its worse without a specific collection of cards. The Piloted mechs were traditionally in the older midrange packages as the greatest mechanic that enabled substantial board dominance was Deathrattle (you can see this today in SN1P-SN4P), and in other words, Sky Golem allows you to develop a great deal of potential trading power and face damage with no situational conditions. Plus it's pretty sweet with the doctor. The mech package includes:

Eternium Rover
SN1P-SN4P
Zilliax
Dyn-o-matic
Piloted Sky Golem
Dr. Boom, Mad Genius

Patron package: Depending on your definitions, this is technically the biggest package of the deck, but is by no means at a level to justify the deck being a "pure" Patron build. Previously, Patron Warrior functioned as a combo variant of the similarly popular Control Warrior of the time, that had a suite of OTK potentials. Now, Patron Warrior is limited to primarily midrange options, substituting OTKs for potential TTKs, and sacrificing much of its Patron package for the other packages that, truthfully, carry the most of the deck. In this build, the Patron package allows you to present lethal amounts of damage in the late stage of the game, late being the point between mid and fatigue, when the deck sizes are down to around 6 to 15 cards. Don't be afraid to develop a single Patron with a couple of accompanying spells as a way to develop and threaten, though keep in mind, the real hero of Patron warrior has always been Frothing Berserker. And Grommash Hellscream. The Patron package includes:

Grim Patron
Frothing Berserker
Eternium Rover
Armorsmith
Cruel Taskmaster
Unstable Ghoul
Acolyte of Pain
Inner Rage
Whirlwind
Battle Rage
Warpath
Blood Razor
Improve Morale
Grommash Hellscream

(I might have missed one or two, the edit guide widget is glitchy and infuriating)

It's worth mentioning, Dr. Boom, Mad Genius is only narrowly a part of the Mech package. He's essentially the card that will give you chances of winning games that you had no business winning. The deck isn't made to keep up a fight through the late game, but Dr. Boom was--dig for him if it looks like the game will go to a point where you'll have no value left, but keep in mind, fatigue will probably kill you before it kills your opponent.